Title: Nursing Research: Reading, Using, and Creating Research
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Review Questions

Please read each question and select your answer from the choices provided. You must complete all of the questions in order to view your results. At the end of each exam, you have the option to e-mail your results to your instructor.


1:  What is the primary reason for a priori selection of a design in quantitative research?
A: It increases statistical power.
B: It reduces researcher bias.
C: It maximizes the effect size of the intervention.
D: It reduces the need to control extraneous variables.

2:  Of the following, which is an important characteristic of an experimental design?
A: Subjects are randomly assigned to groups.
B: The dependent variable is artificially introduced.
C: Differences between groups are analyzed with descriptive statistics.
D: The researcher becomes subjectively involved in the implementation of the study.

3:  How are quasi-experimental designs different from experimental designs?
A: Subjects are not assigned randomly to groups.
B: There is no independent variable.
C: Subjects are assigned randomly to groups.
D: There is no dependent variable.

4:  Which statement best describes ex post facto research?
A: Data is collected before both the independent and dependent variable have occurred.
B: Data is collected before and after the independent and dependent variable have occurred.
C: Data is collected according to a series of pre-determined time points.
D: Data is collected after both the independent and dependent variable have already occurred.

5:  Which type of design is considered the strongest evidence for practice?
A: Experimental
B: Grounded theory
C: Correlational
D: Predictive

6:  Which statement is true about time-series designs?
A: Outcome variables are measured only after the intervention is applied.
B: One subject is studied over a long period of time.
C: Subjects serve as their own control group.
D: Outcome variables are measured only before the intervention is applied.

7:  When an experimental study is not blinded, what is the greatest risk?
A: Researcher bias
B: Reduced power
C: Non-randomized groups
D: Reduced effect size

8:  Why is it important to have clearly stated operational definitions of study variables?
A: To enhance randomization of subjects.
B: To determine criteria for inclusion in the sample.
C: To enhance external validity of the findings.
D: To determine the types of analyses to be conducted.

9:  What is the major limitation of a quasi-experimental design?
A: Subjects may leave the study.
B: Data is collected ex post facto.
C: There is no control of the dependent variable.
D: Groups may not be equivalent.

10:  What is a major strength of a time-series design?
A: The treatment effect is reduced over time.
B: Fewer subjects are needed to achieve adequate power.
C: The researcher becomes less biased over time.
D: The randomization process is simplified.

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